2003-2016年湖北省农业用水效率测算及时空差异

Tempo-spatial variations of agricultural water use efficiency measurements in Hubei Province from 2003 to 2016

采用数据包络分析模型对2003-2016年湖北省16个市(州)农业用水效率进行了测度,并进一步从投入产出冗余率视角对农业用水效率的损失原因进行了分析,在此基础上对湖北省农业用水效率的时空差异进行了分析。结果表明:从时间上来看,湖北省2003-2016年农业用水效率平均值为0.45,总体水平较低,但呈波动上升趋势,农业劳动力、用水和农作物播种面积等基本要素投入冗余率呈下降趋势,化肥和农业机械等则呈上升趋势;从空间上来看,湖北省各地区农业用水效率的排序为鄂西>鄂东>鄂中。从投入和产出冗余率来看,鄂东地区农业用水效率损失的主要原因是农业用水和劳动力投入过量,鄂中和鄂西地区则分别是因为农业用水和农业劳动力投入过量。

Data envelopment analysis(DEA) model was used to measure the agricultural water use efficiency of 16 cities(prefectures) in Hubei Province from 2003 to 2016,and analyze the reasons for the loss of agricultural water use efficiency from the perspective of output redundancy.Based on the analysis the temporal and spatial variations of agricultural water use efficiency in Hubei Province were discussed.The results showed that the average value of agricultural water use efficiency in Hubei Province from 2003 to 2016 was 0.45,the overall level of agricultural water use efficiency was relatively low,but it showed a fluctuating upward trend with decreasing input redundancy rates of basic factors such as agricultural labor force,water use and crop sowing area,but increasing input of agricultural chemical products such as fertilizers and agricultural machinery from the temporal perspective.Spatially,the order of agricultural water use efficiency in Hubei Province was western Hubei > eastern Hubei > central Hubei.From the perspective of input and output redundancy,the main reason for the loss of agricultural water use efficiency in eastern Hubei was the excessive use of agricultural water and labor.In the central and western Hubei,it was mainly due to excessive input of agricultural water and labor respectively.