《编码/解码》新解码——基于英国马克思主义媒介理论语境的考察

A New Decoding of Encoding/Decoding:From the Theoretical Context of British Marxist Media Theory Perspective

《编码/解码》应被置于特定的英国马克思主义媒介理论语境中重新进行考察:以霍尔为代表的英国新左派反对哈洛伦为代表的主流行为主义传播研究,借助符号学和结构主义方法转向"意识形态"研究;该文本还表明新左派反对斯大林主义的同时保留经济基础"归根结底"的决定作用,即形成超越经济主义和人道主义的过度决定传播模式;霍尔通过重读马克思《导言》反对"过度结构化"方法,从而走向对阿尔都塞理论的历史主义超越。

Stuart Hall’s Encoding/Decoding should be re-examined in the context of the particular British Marxist media theory:British New Left represented by Hall opposes the mainstream behaviorism communication research represented by James Halloran,and Hall makes full use of semiotics and structuralism to initiate an“ideological turn”.This paper also suggests that New Left rejects Stalinism while retaining determinative role of the economic base in the last,searches for an“over determination mode of communication”which is designed to transcend economism and humanism.In the debate with Althusser,by re-reading Marx’s Introduction,Hall opposes Althusser’s“over structuralization”method by rereading Marx’s Introduction,thus to the historical transcendence of Althusser doctrine.