基层一线公职人员的自由裁量权及其责任机制

The Discretionary Power of Grass-roots Front-line Public Officials and Accountability Mechanism

在公共组织体系中,有大量与当事人面对面直接互动,且拥有自由裁量权的基层一线公职人员。通过与法律途径"裁量权"概念的对话,以及对基层一线公职人员自由裁量权必然性的重新梳理,将基层一线公职人员的自由裁量界定为基层一线公职人员在多重规范约束下根据自己的判断做出决定和采取行动的实践。为了使基层一线公职人员的裁量判断、决定和行动更加负责,既需要通过多重约束性责任机制规范基层一线公职人员自由裁量的空间和自由裁量空间范围内的行为,也需要通过赋能性责任机制提高基层一线公职人员自由裁量推理和实践的质量。

In the public organizations,there are a large number of grass-roots front-line public officials who have direct face-to-face interaction with the recipients concerned and the power to exercise a degree of discretion.Through the dialogue with the concept of discretion from a legal perspective and the resorting of the necessity of the discretion of grass-rooted front-line public officials,this paper defined the discretion of grass-rooted front-line public officials as the practice of exercising discretion and taking actions according to their own judgment under the constraints of multiple norms.In order to make the discretion judgment,decision and action of front-line officials at the grass-roots level become more accountable,it is necessary to have multiple constraining mechanism of accountability,which aims to specify scope and behaviour of discretion of public servants at the grass-roots level,but also to energize mechanism,which aims to improve the quality of discretionary reasoning and practice quality of civil servants at the grass-roots level.