清代《大日如来》唐卡画芯颜料的科学分析

Scientific Analysis of Tangka Heart Pigment in Da Ri Tathagata in Qing Dynasty

清代《大日如来》是一件彩绘唐卡,在数百年的自然因素和人为因素影响下,表面出现了颜料层褪色、开裂、脱落等多种病害。本研究采用便携式X射线荧光光谱仪和显微激光拉曼光谱仪对唐卡表面彩绘颜料进行原位检测分析。结果表明,唐卡使用的红色颜料为朱砂,橙色颜料是铅丹,蓝色颜料为石青,绿色颜料是石绿,白色颜料为石膏。在此研究结果的基础上,结合相关文献,对清代唐卡绘制所使用的颜料情况进行了探讨。

The Da Ri Tathagata in the Qing dynasty is a painted Thangka.Under the influence of hundreds of years of natural and human factors,the surface of the paint layer has faded,cracked,and fallen of.In this study,a portable X-ray spectrometer and micro-laser Raman spectrometer were used to detect and analyze the painted pigments on the surface of Thangka in situ.The results show that the red pigments.used for Thangka was cinnabar,the orange pigments was red lead,the blue pigments was azurite,the green pigments was malachite,the white pigments was gypsum.On the basis of the results of this study,combined with the relevant literature,the situation of the pigments used in the painting of Thangkas in the Qing dynasty was discussed.