殇礼与殇子埋葬现象的初步考察

Preliminary Investigation on Shangli and the Burial Phenomena of Shangzi

如何整合实物资料与文字资料以研究相关历史问题,始终是中国考古学界的重要课题之一。考古发现的未成年人或儿童墓葬等,均属史籍所谓殇子的范畴。该文在梳理古代殇礼规范的基础上,系统考察了史籍记载和考古发现的殇子埋葬现象。结果证实二者的重合度很低,且考古发现的殇子埋葬现象较之史籍记载更为复杂,凸显出两种资料形式各自的优缺点。史籍所载殇礼规范的参考意义不容忽视,而考古发现则可全面认识殇子埋葬现象。

How to integrate material data and literal data to study related historical issues has always been one of the important topics of Chinese archaeology.The tombs of minors uncovered by archaeologists all belong to the category of Shangzi which is documented in historical records.This article systematically investigates the burial phenomena of Shangzi which are recorded in historical records and discovered in archaeological sites,based on sorting out the norms of ancient funeral rituals.The results confirmed that the overlapping degree between them is very low,and the burial phenomena of Shangzi discovered in archaeological sites are more intricate than those recorded in historical records,which highlights the different advantages and disadvantages of these two forms.The referential significance of the Shangli recorded in the historical records cannot be overlooked,but archaeological discoveries can also provide an overall understanding of the burial phenomena of Shangzi.