周礼体系下青铜壶的殷礼内涵

Bronze Pots'Yin Ritual Connotation in Rituals System of Zhou Dynasty

在周代礼器群中,青铜壶显得极为特殊,不仅在于其器形、功能与当时青铜礼器演变的潮流判然有别,也在于其组合方式的特立独行。从其源流发展的轨迹来看,壶显然是殷礼中的重要礼器,在西周中期礼制改革中留存,并被置于重要位置。青铜壶所反映的重酒色彩、追求高大精美的作风、方形器的外形,圆方组合与偶数配对的组合方式,并非常见的周系礼器的特点,而仍是殷墟时代的孑遗。由此,壶可与其他礼器一起,构成周礼礼器群中的周殷二分组合。这种组合,正是西周改革者尊古重今、文质兼顾的礼制思想的体现,同时也暗含了实际政治形势的需要。

In the vessels group in Zhou dynasty,bronze pots were very special.Not only their appearance and function were different from other vessels,but also their combination way was unique.By analysing development process,bronze pots were very important in rituals system of Yin dynasty,they continued to survive even were placed in an important position when the rituals were reformed in middle period of Western Zhou dynasty.Bronze pots showed some characteristics such as drink favoured connotation,tall and exquisite appearance,square ware,“round-square assemblage”and“even number assemblage”,these characteristics were different from other vessels in rituals system of Zhou dynasty,instead,these characteristics were inherited from Yin ruins period.Bronze pots and other vessels formed“Zhou-Yin assemblage”.This assemblage reflected ritual thinking about respect the past and the present,both text and quality.This assemblage also reflected actual political needs in Zhou dynasty.