延安革命纪念馆藏一级文物“毛泽东骑过的马”(小青马标本)保存现状研究

The Study on the Preservation Status of“the Horse of Mao Zedong”in Yan'an Revolutionary Memorial Hall

“毛泽东骑过的马”是毛泽东1947年转战陕北时骑的马,是军功马,属川马,1960年被制成标本(简称小青马),现藏于延安革命纪念馆,被列为一级文物。本文以小青马的历史背景、修复历史、保存现状与病害机理等方面为基础,对小青马出现的浮尘、掉毛、变色、霉斑、龟裂、皱缩、缺失、变形、板结、裂隙等病害进行评估,分析其保存现状并提出相应的保存建议。这一研究为大众了解革命时期转战陕北的历史事件提供了具体的文物支撑,同时为宣扬革命精神和红色文化提供了切实的实物标本.

“The horse of Mao Zedong”is the horse that Mao Zedong rode when he moved to northern Shaanxi in 1947.This military horse belonged to Sichuan species and it was made into specimen in 1960(short for Xiaoqingma).Xiaoqingma is currently conserved at Yan'an Revolutionary Memorial Hall as a first-level cultural relic.Based on the historical background,repair history,preservation status and disease mechanism of Xiaoqingma,this paper focuses on the evaluation of diseases such as floating dust,hair loss,discoloration,mildew spot,cracking,shrinkage,loss,deformation,hardening,crack.The preservation state.of Xiaoqingma was also analyzed and corresponding preservation suggestions were proposed.This study provides substantial archaeological witness for understanding the historical events in northern Shaanxi during the revolutionary period and promoting the revolutionary spirit as well as the red culture.