汉语方言进行体形式类型考察及跨语言比较

A Study and Cross-Linguistic Comparison of the Form Types of Progressive Aspect of Chinese Dialects

本文基于《汉语方言地图集·语法卷》930个调查点的材料,对方言进行体加以描写,其形式可分3类16种,每种包括一到四种不同的手段。文章排出16种进行体形式,统计分析在各个方言中的比率;分析了汉语方言进行体带宾主谓句的不同构成形式;对5种语系30种语言进行体形式加以分类比较,通过跨语言分析,表明由处所词语法化为进行体标记是某些语言进行体发展的共同路径。

Based on data of 930 dialects in Linguistic Atlas Of Chinese Dialects:Grammar《汉语方言地图集·语法卷》,this paper describes progressive aspect in Chinese dialects and sorts them into 3 classes and 16 species,every of which includes 1 to 4 different means.This paper lists 16 forms of progressive aspect and statistically analyzes the ratio in each dialect.It also analyzes different construction forms of progressive aspect in subject predicate sentences with object in Chinese dialects and compares progressive aspect in 30 languages in 5 language families by classification.It argues that the grammaticalization from locative words to progressive aspect marker is a common path of some languages.