中古知庄章声母在山东东明方言中的特殊读音分析

On the Special Pronunciations of MC Zhi 知-Zhuang 庄-Zhang 章 Initial Groups in Dongming Dialect in Shandong Province

山东东明方言知庄章组声母的分合情况和具体音值与周边方言不同,其知庄章声母根据拼合韵母开合口和等第分为两类,具体情况是:甲类为知组二等字、庄组字(除假山两摄合口字)、章组开口止摄字、知章组蟹止通摄合口字,读作[ts ts's];乙类为知组三等字、章组开口止摄以外字、知章组蟹止通摄合口以外字、庄组假山两摄合口二等字,读作[t■t■'■]。从知庄章组分化条件来看,与山东东部东莱片的胶辽官话相近。东明方言知庄章组声母音类二分现象是近代官话的特色,《中原音韵》时期汉语官话知庄章声母合流,韵母因开合口和等第二分,东明方言则保留了知庄章组分立的特点。后知三章组声母腭化,知二庄组读音与精组合流,即为今东明方言知庄章声母特殊语音现象。

The pronunciations of MC Zhi知-Zhuang庄-Zhang章initial groups in Dongming dialect in Shandong province are different from dialects around.This paper divides them into 2 types.As type I,MC Zhi知initial group with 2^(nd)division rhymes,MC Zhuang庄initial group except those with MC Jia假and Shan山Hekou合口rhymes,MC Zhang章initial group with MC Zhi止Kaikou开口rhyme and MC Zhi知and Zhang章initial groups with MC Xie蟹,Zhi止and Tong通Hekou合口rhymes are pronounced as[ts ts's].As type II,MC Zhi知initial group with 3^(rd)division rhymes,MC Zhang章initial group without MC Zhi止Kaikou开口rhyme,MC Zhi知and Zhang章initial groups without MC Xie蟹,Zhi止and Tong通Hekou合口rhymes and MC Zhuang庄initial group with 2^(nd)division of MC Jia假and Shan山Hekou合口rhymes are pronounced as[t■t■'■].According to the differentiation conditions,it is similar to Donglai cluster of Jiaoliao Mandarin in east Shandong province.The 2-type-pattern is the feature of modern Mandarin,but the palatalization of MC Zhi知-Zhuang庄-Zhang章initial groups and the merger of the MC Zhi-Zhuang知庄and Jing精initials is the characteristic of Dongming dialect.