汉语方言遇摄知系三等韵的类型

Evolution Types of the 3^(rd) Division of MC Zhi 知 Group in Chinese Dialects

本文将汉语方言遇摄知系三等韵的类型归纳为三大类。A大类,知系三等字韵母与遇摄一等字韵母合流,以北京话为代表,涵盖北方官话的大部分地区和南方方言小部分地区。B大类,庄组三等字韵母为一类,知章日组三等字韵母为另一类,以老派杭州话为代表,涵盖北方官话一小部分地区(主要分布在河南省)和南方方言的大部分地区。C大类,知系三等字韵母自成一类,只存在极少数的方言中。C大类出现的年代早于《中原音韵》的年代,B大类出现的年代相当于或略后于《中原音韵》的年代,A大类出现的年代最晚的。

This paper classifies evolutions of the 3^(rd) division of MC Zhi知group into 3 types.The vowels of the 3^(rd) division of MC Zhi知group merge with those of the 1^(st) division of MC Yu遇rhyme,which is classified as type A and represented by Beijing dialect,including most Mandarins in north China and some parts of dialects in south China.Type B,including vowels of 3^(rd) division of Zhuang庄group and 3^(rd) division of Zhi知,Zhang章and Ri日groups,is represented by old Hangzhou dialect and covers some parts of Mandarins in north China mainly in He’nan province and most dialects in south China.Type C,in which the 3^(rd) division of of MC Zhi知group are independent,lies in few dialects.It formed earlier than the years of Zhongyuan Yinyun中原音韵,while type B formed at the same time or a little later than the years of Zhongyuan Yinyun中原音韵,and type A formed the latest.