功能菌对土壤与堆肥原料养分释放的影响

Functional Bacteria Improves Nutrient Release from Soil and Compost Raw Materials

以连作土壤和堆肥原料为材料,以不添加菌剂为对照,添加地衣芽孢杆菌(L1)、侧孢芽孢杆菌(L2)、解磷解钾菌(L3)、胶冻样芽孢杆菌(L4)、酵母菌(L5)和光合细菌(L6)为不同处理,研究不同功能菌对其理化性质以及黄瓜幼苗长势的影响,以期筛选高效释磷、释钾、固氮的菌种。结果表明:各菌剂处理下连作土壤和堆肥原料pH、氮素相似,堆肥原料电导率(除L4)、速效磷和钾均显著高于连作土壤处理。L4处理电导率显著高于其他处理,较CK显著增加311.94%,L5处理连作土壤速效磷、速效钾质量分数较CK分别显著提高91.61%、298.72%,L5处理堆肥原料速效钾质量分数显著高于其他处理,且显著高CK 59.76%。总体而言,各菌剂处理较CK对连作土壤黄瓜种子萌发以及生长影响不大,但L5处理较其他处理有利于连作土壤黄瓜种子的萌发以及幼苗的生长。L5和L6处理对堆肥原料黄瓜幼苗株高、叶面积、鲜质量有明显的促进作用,L5处理下黄瓜幼苗株高、叶面积、平均鲜质量比CK分别提高62.25%、93.54%、58.42%。通过主成分分析表明,L5处理对连作土壤以及堆肥原料土壤养分含量的提高以及黄瓜幼苗的生长有显著促进作用。

The continuous cropping soil and compost raw materials were used as materials,the treatments included CK without bacteria addition,and adding Bacillus licheniformis,Bacillus laterosporus,phospholysis potassium bacteria,Bacillus mucilaginosus,photosynthetic bacteria and yeast,respectively.The effects of different bacteriaon physicochemical properties of soil and growth of cucumber seedlings were studied,in order to screen for strains with high-efficiency of phosphorus release,potassium release and nitrogen fixation.The results showed that pH and nitrogen had no significant difference between continuous soil and compost raw materials,however,the conductivity(except for Bacillus mucilaginosus),available phosphorus and potassium were significantly higher in compost raw materials than in continuous cropping soil.Compared with CK,value of continuous cropping soil and compost raw materials treated by Bacillus mucilaginosus increased by 311.94%.Adding yeast could significantly increase the available phosphorus and potassiumin continuous cropping soilby 91.61%and 298.72%respectively,and increase the available potassium incompost raw materials by 59.76%.Adding bacteria except for yeast had little effect on seed germination and seedling growth of cucumber under continuous cropping soil.Adding yeast and photosynthetic bacteria significantly promoted plant height,leaf area and fresh mass of cucumber seedlings,increased by 62.25%,93.54%and 58.42%respectively.Principal component analysis indicated that adding yeast promoted nutrient activities in continuous cropping soil and composting materials and growth of cucumber seedlings grown on it.