苄嘧磺隆对谷子的安全性及叶片生理特性的影响

Effects of Bensulfuron-methyl on Safety of Foxtail Millet and Physiological Characteristics of Foxtail Millet Leaves

为了探讨苄嘧磺隆对谷子的安全性,为其在谷子田的安全使用提供理论依据,以‘晋谷21号’和‘张杂谷10号’为材料,在谷子3~5叶期叶面喷施不同用量(150 g/hm^2、300 g/hm^2、600 g/hm^2和1200 g/hm^2)的苄嘧磺隆,分别测定药后第3、7、15和30天的农艺性状、叶片光合色素质量分数,气体交换指标、膜脂过氧化程度,以及谷子的产量。结果表明,两个品种的株高、叶面积、茎粗、叶绿素质量分数、净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度均随苄嘧磺隆用量的增大而降低,随施药后时间的推移而有所升高;MDA质量摩尔浓度随苄嘧磺隆用量的增大而增大,随施药后时间的推移而降低。产量随苄嘧磺隆用量的增大而降低,但300 g/hm^2处理的株高、茎粗、叶绿素质量分数、MDA质量摩尔浓度和产量均与对照差异不显著。说明推荐用量的苄嘧磺隆对谷子相对安全,可用于谷子田的杂草防除。

The effects of bensulfuron-methyl on safety of foxtail millet and physiological characteristics of leaves were explored to provide theoretical basis and technological approaches for security application of bensulfuron-methyl in foxtail millet field.‘Jingu 21’and‘Zhangzagu 10’were used as materials,different dosages of bensulfuron-methyl(150 g/hm^2,300 g/hm^2,600 g/hm^2 and 1200 g/hm^2)were sprayed evenly on the surface of plant at 3-5 leaves stages.Agronomic characters,photosynthetic pigment mass fraction in leaves,gas exchange index,degree of membrane lipid peroxidation at 3,7,15 and 30 days after application and yield were determined.The results showed that plant height,leaf area,stem diameter,chlorophyll mass fraction,net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate and stomatal conductance of the two varieties all decreased with the increase of bensulfuron-methyl dosage and increased with prolonged time after application.MDA molality increased with the dosage of bensulfuron-methyl and decreased with prolonged time.The yield decreased with the increase of bensulfuron-methyl dosage,but the plant height,stem diameter,chlorophyll mass fraction,molality of MDA and yield at 300 g/hm^2 treatment were not significantly different from the control group.In conclusion,the recommended dosage of bensulfuron-methyl is relatively safe to foxtail millet and can be used for weed control in foxtail millet field.