流动与民族身份意识——以湖南维吾尔族流动人口为例

Migrant and Ethnic Group Identity——Taking Hunan Uygur Migrant peasants as Example

少数民族在流动过程中与他者进行互动和交流,在互动和交流过程中,民族身份意识的增强或淡化则与少数民族的自身文化特点关系密切。湖南维吾尔族村民在外出务工过程中,在身份体验上,更倾向将自己定位为"农民工"或"外地人",民族身份在流动中少有提及,表现为民族身份意识淡化。这主要缘于湖南维吾尔族长期居于中原内陆,在文化模式上不同于新疆维吾尔族同胞,而是与主流的文化趋同,使他们在外出务工的过程中,在就业上更具灵活性,不必依托于本民族族群来获得谋生手段,由此导致民族身份意识弱化。

Minorities interacting and communicating with others during migrating,identity of ethnic group could be reinforced or weaken,which largely depends their own culture modes.During migrating,the population traits and occupation of Hunan Uygur migrant peasants are similar to average situation of migrant workers.And in the aspect of identity,they take"migrant workers"and"non-local person"as the first identity,and identity of ethnic group is not emphasized and reinforced when they move into other situation.The main reason for this phenomenon is that their culture modes and physical traits having been developed among the Han ethnic group for long history are similar to Han,which make them easy to get job and develope different sense of identity comparing to Xinjiang Uygur’s.