承接地比较优势、竞争优势与产业转移——基于上海企业对外投资数据的实证研究

Comparative Advantage,Competitive Advantage and Industry Transfer—— A Empirical Research based on the Data of Shanghai Enterprises’ ODI

产业转移的实质是企业区位选择活动,通过将产业转移承接地特征区分为比较优势和竞争优势,使用2001-2017年上海132家企业对外投资数据研究发现:承接地比较优势、竞争优势是影响企业产业转移的重要因素,且二者具有互补效应;比较优势、竞争优势分别是影响劳动密集型产业、资本密集型与技术密集型产业转移承接地选择的主要因素;比较优势、竞争优势对年龄、规模、产权性质不同的企业产业转移的影响是不同的。

The essence of industrial transfer is the location selection activity of enterprises.By distinguishing the characteristics of the receiving sites into comparative advantage and competitive advantage,and the data of overseas investment of 132 enterprises in Shanghai from 2001 to 2017,the study finds that the comparative advantage and competitive advantage of the receiving sites are the important factors affecting the industrial transfer of enterprises,and the two have complementary effects.Comparative advantage and competitive advantage are the main factors that affect the choice of the transfer and reception sites of labor-intensive,capital-intensive and technology-intensive industries respectively.The influence of comparative advantage and competitive advantage on the industrial transfer of enterprises with different age,size and property rights is different.