利益平衡:刑事庭审直播个人信息保护机制构建——基于“信息生命周期保护模型”的引入

Balancing Interests:Constructing a Personal Information Protection Mechanism for Criminal Trial Live Broadcast——Introduction Based on the“Information Lifecycle Protection Model”

刑事庭审直播在促进司法公开的同时,也对公民个人信息保护提出了挑战。实证研究发现,庭审直播存在直播前信息保护程序规制不足、直播中个人信息暴露度高、直播后信息存储使用下线规则不完善三方面问题,其原因为理念上诉讼参与人信息主体角色弱化、制度上缺乏信息全流程保护规范、实践中个人信息保护机制不完善。从理论法学、实践法学、利益法学、比较法学四个维度分析,刑事庭审直播个人信息保护具有正当性和必要性。笔者以利益平衡为目标,以信息生命周期管理理论为指导,以“信息权利义务-信息保护原则-信息保护措施”为逻辑,构建庭审直播个人信息生命周期保护模型,并提出具体措施和工作流程,构建了完善的刑事庭审直播个人信息保护机制。

Criminal trial live streaming not only promotes judicial openness,but also poses challenges to the protection of citizens’personal information.Empirical research has found that there are three problems in court trial live streaming:insufficient regulation of information protection procedures before live streaming,high exposure of personal information during live streaming,and incomplete offline rules for information storage and use after live streaming.The reasons are the weakening of the information subject role of litigation participants in the concept,the lack of information protection standards throughout the entire process in the system,and the imperfect personal information protection mechanism in practice.From the perspectives of theoretical law,practical law,interest law,and comparative law,the protection of personal information in criminal trial live streaming is legitimate and necessary.With the goal of achieving a balance of interests,guided by the theory of information lifecycle management,and based on the logic of“information rights and obligations,information protection principles,and information protection measures”,the authors construct a personal information lifecycle protection model for live streaming in criminal trials.They propose specific measures and workflow,and construct a comprehensive personal information protection mechanism for live streaming in criminal trials.