恶势力组织司法认定的探析

Research on the Judicial Cognizance of Evil Forces

恶势力概念在中国具有一定历史,起初是以流氓恶势力的形式出现,《办理黑社会性质组织犯罪案件座谈会纪要》出台后,恶势力发展为一个独立的概念,并逐渐明确清晰。恶势力概念由组织特征、行为特征以及危害性特征三部分组成,其中“为非作恶,欺压百姓”是其本质的危害性特征,用以区分其它犯罪。恶势力犯罪集团作为危害性更高一级的犯罪团伙,由《关于办理恶势力若干问题的意见》做了精确而详尽的规定,恶势力犯罪集团的恶性相较于恶势力犯罪团伙来说更为突出,但与黑社会性质组织相比时则显得略逊一筹。恶势力犯罪集团与黑社会性质组织的差异点主要体现在前者的成员数量相对较少,经济实力稍弱,以及危害性无法达到“非法控制”程度。

The concept of evil forces has a certain history in China.At first,it appeared in the form of hooligan evil forces.After the publication of Summary of 2009,evil forces developed into an independent concept and gradually became clear.The concept of evil force is composed of three parts:organization characteristics,behavior characteristics and harmfulness characteristics.The concept of evil forces consists of three parts:organizational characteristics,behavioral characteristics and harmful characteristics.Among them,“doing evil and bullying the people”is its essential harmful feature,which is used to distinguish other crimes.As a criminal group with a higher level of harm,Opinions of 2019 has made precise and detailed provisions that the malevolence of the criminal group is more prominent than that of the criminal group,but it is less than that of the underworld.The difference between the evil force criminal organization and the mafia-like organization is mainly reflected in the relatively small number of former members,the weak economic strength,and the degree of harmfulness that can not achieve“illegal control”.