我国刑事缺席审判程序中被告人救济权的完善

The Perfection of the Defendant’s Right to Remedy in Criminal Procedure of Trial in Absentia in China

新修订的《刑事诉讼法》中关于刑事缺席审判制度的设置并未达到有效提升针对外逃境外贪腐人员追逃追赃工作力度的理想效果。目前,我国大部分涉及外逃官员的引渡申请仍因刑事缺席审判制度存在缺陷为由而遭到被引渡国拒绝。究其原因,与我国刑事缺席审判制度中对于被追诉人救济权的保障存在一定缺陷密不可分。通过分析国际公约、双边引渡条约及国内引渡相关法中的被引渡人权利保障的限制和要求,探寻刑事缺席审判被追诉人救济权制度存在的问题并从三个方面对该制度加以完善:明确区分刑事缺席审判被追诉人类别,并明晰不同被追诉人应享有救济权的具体内容;明确各救济权之间的关系;完善刑事缺席审判程序中关于被追诉人财产救济的相关规定。

The criminal trial in absentia system in the newly revised Criminal Procedure Law failed to effectively play its role in improving the work of chasing and recovering stolen goods for overseas corrupt personnel.At present,most of the extradition applications involving fugitive officials in China are still rejected by the extradited country because of the defects of the criminal trial in absentia system.The reason is closely related to some defects in the protection of the defendant’s relief right in China’s criminal trial in absentia system.By analyzing the limitations and requirements of the protection of the rights of the extradited person in international conventions,bilateral extradition treaties and domestic extradition related laws,the authors explore the problems existing in the relief right system of the criminal trial by default,and improves the system from three aspects:clearly distinguish the categories of the criminal trial by default and clarify the specific contents of the relief right that different defendants should enjoy;Clarify the relationship between relief rights;Improve the relevant provisions on the property relief of the accused in the criminal trial in absentia procedure.