台商在闽农业投资的技术溢出机制与影响因素——以漳州台资蝴蝶兰企业为例

Technology Spillover Mechanism and Influencing Factors of Taiwan Residents Agricultural Investment in Fujian——Based on Taiwan-funded Phalaenopsis Enterprise in Zhangzhou

台商农业直接投资对大陆地区产生的技术溢出,透过多种溢出渠道影响投资地区农业生产水平及技术进步。本文透过半结构式访谈,以漳州市台资蝴蝶兰企业及本地企业为调查对象,以技术主体策略与行为分析视角探究台商农业直接投资对当地农业技术溢出渠道及其影响因素。研究结果表明:台商对福建农业投资主要透过产业链、劳动力流动渠道产生溢出效应,同时亦存在示范与竞争效应,其中又以示范效应为主。但不同于一般外资,台资企业技术溢出之产业链联系以"前向溢出"为主,而劳动力流动效应影响则较小。形成上述溢出效应与台资企业对核心技术的保护、以出口为导向的企业发展战略有关,同时也受本地企业资金、人力资源及公司战略等因素影响。

The technology spillover caused by Taiwan agricultural direct investment in the mainland affects the agricultural production and technological progress of the investment area through various spillover channels.Through semi-structured interviews and with Taiwan-funded Phalaenopsis enterprise and local enterprises in Zhangzhou as the survey objects,this paper explores the spillover channels and influencing factors of Taiwan agricultural direct investment on the local agricultural technology from the perspective of technology subject strategy and behavior analysis.The findings show that the spillover effect of Taiwan Residents investment in agriculture in Fujian is produced mainly through the industrial chain and labor flow channels,and there also exist demonstration and competition effects,among which the demonstration effect is found to be prominent.However,unlike general foreign investment,the industrial chain of technology spillover of Taiwan-invested enterprises mainly demonstrates its"forward spillover",while the effect of labor flow is found to be relatively small.In fact,the above spillover effect is related to the protection of core technology and the export-oriented development strategy of Taiwanfunded enterprises,as well as the influence of the capital,human resources and corporate strategy of local enterprises.