人工生物型长柄股骨头置换术在老年股骨颈骨折患者中的应用效果

The Effect of Artificial Biological Long-stalk Femoral Head Replacement in Elderly Patients with Femoral Neck Fracture

目的研究人工生物型长柄股骨头置换术在老年股骨颈骨折患者中的应用效果。方法选取2020年1月-2022年2月在我院接受治疗的58例股骨颈骨折患者,根据随机数字表达法将其分为对照组和研究组,每组各29例。对照组行骨水泥型长柄股骨头置换术,研究组行人工生物型长柄股骨头置换术,观察两组患者围术期相关指标,术后并发症发生情况及术后1月、术后6月髋关节功能对比。结果研究组手术时间、术后首次负重时间、住院时间短于对照组(P<0.05);研究组术中出血量、术后引流量少于对照组(P<0.05)。两组患者术后并发症发生率对比无显著差异(P<0.05)。术后1月,两组患者Harris各维度评分及总评分对比无显著差异(P>0.05);术后3月,两组患者Harris各维度评分及总评分均有提升,研究组总评分为(71.29±9.84)分高于对照组(63.45±10.04)分(P<0.05)。结论生物型长柄股骨头置换术手术时间较短,术中对骨质损害较小,可有效避免骨水泥相关并发症发生,对于无严重骨质疏松的老年患者,生物型长柄股骨头置换术可为首选。

Objective:To study the effect of artificial biological long-stalk femoral head replacement in elderly patients with femoral neck fracture.Methods:A total of 58 patients with femoral neck fracture who received treatment in our hospital from January 2020 to February 2022 were selected,and were divided into the control group and the research group according to the random number expression method,with 29 cases in each group.The control group received cement femoral head replacement,and the research group received artificial biological femoral head replacement.Perioperative related indicators,postoperative complications and hip function were observed between the two groups at 1 month and 6 months after surgery.Results:The operative time,the first postoperative weight-bearing time and the hospital stay in the study group were shorter than those in the control group(P<0.05).The intraoperative blood loss and postoperative drainage volume in the study group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative complications between the two groups(P<0.05).At 1 month after surgery,there was no significant difference in Harris score and total score between the two groups(P>0.05).Three months after surgery,Harris score and total score of the two groups were improved,and the total score of study group(71.29±9.84)was higher than control group(63.45±10.04)(P<0.05).Conclusion:Biological femoral head replacement has a short operation time,little intraoperative damage to bone,which can effectively avoid cement-related complications.For elderly patients without severe osteoporosis,biological femoral head replacement can be the first choice.