“转型失范”:台湾地区第七次“修宪”研究(2004—2005)

Transition Anomie:A Study on the Seventh“Constitutional Amendment”in Taiwan region(2004-2005)

陈水扁主政时期,台湾地区开启第七次“修宪”活动,主要包括推动“公投入宪”和废除“国民大会”两方面内容。从“修宪”的过程来看,体现出台湾地区政党政治下党派利益和政治利益交织、妥协的复杂面向。从“修宪”的结果来看,至少造成三方面影响:一是“国民大会”被废后“中华民国宪法”的实质内容大部分被掏空,破坏了“一个中国”的原则;二是“立法院”成为“单一国会”,权力扩充;三是“修宪”门槛提高,再次“修宪”难度加大。本次“修宪”既形成当代台湾地区政治体制的主体框架,也造成政党对立、社会撕裂、民主失范,成为台湾地区政坛乱象迭出、政治无序的根源之一。

During Chen Shui-bian’s administration,Taiwan region started the seventh“constitutional amendment”campaign,which mainly included the promotion of“public referendum on the constitution”and the abolition of the“National Assembly”.The process of“amending the constitution”reflected the complexities of intertwined and compromised partisan and political interests under party politics in Taiwan region.The result of the“constitutional amendment”had at least three effects:first,the abolition of the“National Assembly”has invalidated most of the substance of the“Constitution of the Republic of China”,undermining the“One China”principle;second,the“Legislative Yuan”has become a“single congress”and its powers have been expanded;third,the threshold for“constitutional amendment”has been raised,making it more difficult to“amend the constitution”again.The seventh“constitutional amendment”not only promoted the formation of the main framework of the contemporary Taiwan political system,but also brought about party rivalry,social tearing,and democratic dysfunction,becoming one of the root causes of the chaos and political disorder in Taiwan region.