统合式治理何以有效:邻避困境破局的中国路径

How Can Integrated Governance be Effective: China’s Path to Break NIMBY Dilemma

邻避设施建设何以失败一直是学界关注的热点议题。传统治理模式被认为是造成建设失败的决定性因素而广为诟病,由此基于西方社会基础形成的协商型治理理念则被广为推崇,且被认为是传统治理模式的必然替代。问题是两种观点均忽略了一个非常重要的现实,即治理模式的有效性根本上取决于政策质量导向与民意接受度导向之间的平衡度。通过对三个邻避型重大项目"实现重启"的过程分析可以发现,统合式治理模式基于"控制""吸纳""融合"三种治理策略,实现了对于邻避设施选址规划阶段、项目落地阶段、设施运营阶段不同治理策略的有机统合,最大限度地平衡了政策质量与民意接受度,成功突破了邻避困局。从实践的可能性而言,多元主体间"维稳共识"的存在为统合式治理模式的有效实践提供了坚实的社会基础。统合式治理模式是我国制度优势的集中体现,也是我国城市治理突破邻避困局的特有路径。

The traditional governance model of the government is widely criticized as the decisive factor of the construction failure,while the consultative governance concept based on the western social foundation is widely respected and regarded as the inevitable replacement of the traditional governance model.In terms of the possibility of practice,the existence of"consensus on maintaining stability"among multiple subjects provides a solid social foundation for the effective practice of integrated governance mode.The integrated governance model is the concentrated embodiment of China’s institutional advantages,and also the unique path for China’s urban governance to break through the NIMBY dilemma.