共生、共建、共享:法国的社会团结经济发展模式

Symbiosis, Co-construction and Sharing: The French Social and Solidarity Economy

2014年法国通过了《社会团结经济法》,标志着这一民间社会自发创建的经济模式成为其国民经济重要组成部分。社会团结经济以"合作社、协会和互助保险"为主要组织形式,以与亚当·斯密为代表的自由主义经济学相对立的"社会经济学"和"空想社会主义"理论为思想渊源,致力于反思资本主义自由市场经济的局限,在追求社会效用基础上构建共生、共建、共享的全新发展模式。社会团结经济在两个世纪的发展历程中,不仅成功弥补了国家、市场的缺位,而且成为激励两者进行制度创新和优化的动力。社会团结经济在2008年全球经济金融危机以及新冠肺炎疫情危机过程中的出色表现,推动了西方社会在改革自由主义发展模式、创建可持续和包容发展道路方面形成共识。

In 2014,France adopted the Law on the Social and Solidarity Economy(SSE).The SSE takes"cooperatives,associations and mutual insurance"as its main organizational form,takes"social economics"and"Utopian socialism"as its ideological origin,and is committed to rethinking the limitations of capitalist free market economy and building a new development mode of co-existence,co-construction and sharing on the basis of pursuing social utility.In the course of two centuries’development,SSE has not only successfully made up for the absence of the state and the market,but also become the driving force to encourage the two to innovate and optimize their systems.