走向“后身体美学”——“身体美学”问题论争及其理论辨析

Towards “Post-somaesthetics”——A Theoretical Discrimination of the Debate on “Body Aesthetics”

21世纪以来,"美学复兴"的呼声日渐高涨,这反映了美学界对技术崇拜和欲望狂欢挤压了人性空间、加剧了人性异化这一不良态势的积极应对。美学不同理论学派开始积极探索个体如何克服异化走向自由人生的审美路径。身体作为审美实践的重要因素,成为美学界争论的焦点之一。"新实践美学"与"身体美学"围绕"身体与实践谁是本体"的问题展开了富有建设性的探讨和论争,但也存在进一步深化的空间。身体与实践并不存在非此即彼的对立,而是辩证统一的。在后人类时代,身体问题已经转变为"身体-技术-世界"三位一体的"后身体"问题。鉴于此,当下美学研究有必要将身体视角切换为后身体视角,在永续发展的后人类伦理框架下,突破人类中心主义的"为人而美",而倡导后人类主义的"因人而美",从身体美学走向后身体美学。

Body has always been at the center of aesthetics,and it is easy to become the focus of contention of different aesthetic schools."Neo-practical aesthetics"and"somaesthetics"engaged in a debate on the issue of"which is noumenon:body or practice".The body and practice are dialectically united.In posthuman age,body problems turns into the trinity problem of the body-technology-world,it is necessary to aesthetic research to change the perspective of body to post-body,transcending the aesthetics of the anthropocentrism and going toward post-somaesthetics.Under the ethical framework of sustainable development,post-somaesthetics should break through the anthropocentrism o"f beauty for man"and advocate the post-humanism of"beauty by man".