反向叙事与数字他者:后殖民视阈中的信息通信技术实践

Counter-narrative and Digital Other:The Postcolonial Perspective on ICTs Practice

后殖民思潮和理论的兴起不仅为传统的科学技术研究提供了有价值的理论参照,对理解当代的信息技术实践也有启发意义。围绕信息技术实践产生了两套存在张力的叙事模式:以普适计算和网络精神为代表的解放与赋能叙事,以及受后殖民理论影响而形成的压制和掠夺的反向叙事。后殖民学者提供的反向叙事认为,数字普遍主义不仅屏蔽了地方性差异和多元文化带来的张力,还生产了数字时代的结构性不平等与社会排斥,并对数字他者进行控制与规训。信息技术的去殖民化,以及寻求符合地方性需求与文化特征的包容性发展成为后殖民学者呼吁的目标。这也有助于中国理解信息技术全球实践的复杂动态,在强调自主发展的同时,开放性与包容性地参与发展中国家和国际社会的信息建设,实现平等互惠与共同发展。

The rise of postcolonial thoughts and theories not only provide important theoretical frameworks for science and technology studies,but also provide significant inspirations for understanding the current ICTs practice.Through revealing digital universalism and epistemic violence behind ICTs practice,postcolonial scholars have deconstructed and criticized the emancipation and empowerment narrative of practicing ICTs.The counter-narrative offered by postcolonial scholars believes that digital universalism disciplines and controls digital others,hides local differences and cultural tensions,and also produces structural inequality and social exclusion in digital age.Thus,decolonizing ICTs and looking for inclusive development which could meet local demand and cultural traits have become an aim of postcolonial scholars.