基于全文计量的COVID-19论文撤稿后持续被引现象研究

Research on Post-retraction Citations of COVID-19 Articles Based on Full-text Citation

[目的/意义]新冠(COVID-19)疫情期间,有较多相关主题的论文被撤稿,但通过各权威数据库或网站检索发现,这些论文在撤稿后仍被持续引用。本研究旨在从引文内容层面分析其撤稿后的传播和影响,并就重大公共事件中引证和撤稿机制的优化提出建议,以促进学术交流的良性发展。[方法/过程]首先从WoS、Scopus和PubMed数据库中获取COVID-19撤稿论文及其施引文献全文,并对施引文献中的引文上下文进行人工抽取;然后通过撤稿标记情况、引用对象、引用位置和引用情感4个维度构成的全文引文分析框架进行人工标注和内容分析。[结果/结论]COVID-19撤稿论文被识别的概率和速度远超生物医学领域的其他论文,撤稿机制起到一定的学术净化作用;但其内容仍在扩散,其中的不可靠和错误信息大量传播。此现象须引起研究者、期刊及数据库等各方足够的重视,重大公共事件中的引证和撤稿机制亟待优化。

[Purpose/Significance]During the COVID-19 pandemic,many papers on this topic were withdrawn.But it was found through authoritative databases or websites that these papers have been cited even after the retraction.This study aims to analyze the dissemination and impact of retraction at the level of citation content,and to put forward suggestions on the optimization of citation and retraction mechanisms in major public events,in order to promote the healthy development of academic exchanges.[Method/Process]Firstly,the full text of COVID-19 retraction papers and citation references were obtained from WOS,Scopus,and PubMed databases,and the citation context in the citation references was manually extracted.Then,manual annotation and content analysis were carried out through the full-text citation analysis framework consisting of four dimensions:retraction mark situation,citation object,citation position,and citation emotion.[Result/Conclusion]The probability and speed of recognition of COVID-19 retracted papers are much higher than other papers in the biomedical field,and the retracted mechanism plays a certain role in academic purification.But its content continues to spread,with unreliability and misinformation spreading widely.This phenomenon should be paid enough attention by researchers,journals and databases,and the mechanism of citation and retraction in important public events should be optimized urgently.