突发公共卫生事件中大学生健康信息搜寻的时空特征研究

Research on Spatiotemporal Characteristics of College Students’ Health Information Search in Public Health Emergencies

[目的/意义]探索大学生健康信息搜寻行为与突发公共卫生事件时空情境的关联关系,以揭示用户健康信息搜寻行为与突发公共卫生事件的耦合特征。[方法/过程]以移动经验采样法和关键事件法采集到的380份大学生健康信息搜寻日记数据为研究样本,以突发公共卫生事件中用户信息搜寻的过程(信息源选择、信息搜寻模式)与结果(信息利用方式、健康意识及情绪感知)为切入点,对大学生公共卫生事件情境下的健康信息搜寻时空特征予以统计分析。[结果/结论]突发公共卫生事件中大学生用户健康信息搜寻结果的时空耦合特征明显。大学生健康信息搜寻联合利用方式与健康意识改变均在时空分布上呈现显著差异,爆发期与高风险区,用户偏好自身利用的同时线下分享信息,健康意识改变等级相对较高;而持续期与中低风险区,用户更偏好自身利用与线上共享,健康意识改变等级相对较低。虽然信息单利用方式及情绪感知不呈现显著的时间与空间分布差异,但信息单利用方式时空耦合特征仍然体现在描述性数据中。而大学生健康信息搜寻过程则呈现出用户惯用移动设备作为信息源,偏好信息偶遇等常态化特征。揭示了突发事件中健康信息搜寻行为的时空情境特征,有助于信息服务部门深入把握公共卫生事件不同时期及区域的信息行为变化规律,提升其精准信息服务水平。

[Purpose/significance]This research explores the relationship between the health information search behaviors of college students and the spatiotemporal situation of public health emergencies,in order to reveal the coupling characteristics of users’health information search behaviors and public health emergencies.[Method/process]Using mobile experience sampling method and key event method to collect 380 college students’health information search diary data as research samples,the process of user information search(information sources selection,information search patterns)and results(information utilization methods,health awareness and emotional perception)in public health emergencies were the entry points,and spatiotemporal characteristics of health information search in the context of public health events of college students were statistically analyzed.[Result/conclusion]The spatiotemporal coupling characteristics of user health information search results of college students in public health emergencies are obvious.The combined using way of health information search and changes in health consciousness of college students both show significant differences in time and space distribution.In the outbreak period and high-risk areas,users prefer to sharing information offline while self-use,and the level of health awareness changes is relatively high.In the duration period and low and medium risk areas,users prefer to share online while self-use,and the level of health awareness changes is relatively low.Although the single using way of information and emotional perception do not show significant differences in time and space distribution,the single using way of information spatiotemporal coupling characteristics are still reflected in descriptive data.The search process of college students’health information shows normalized features such as users’habitual use of mobile devices as information sources and preference information encounters.This research reveals the spatiotemporal contextual characteristics of health information search behaviors in emergencies,which helps the information service department in-depth grasp the law of information behavior changes in different periods and regions of public health emergencies and improve accurate information services level.