继承与超越:华兹华斯诗学中的柏拉图思想

Inheritance and Transcendence:Plato’s Thought in Wordsworth’s Poetics

威廉·华兹华斯在建构自身诗学的过程中,存在着对柏拉图思想的潜在继承和超越。形式上,华兹华斯的诗学观有着对传统二元对立本体论的合理性继承。他通过实现人与自然的和谐共存而由对立走向统一,从而解决了柏拉图无法解决的理念与现实二元对立的理论困境,创造性地拓宽了柏拉图旧有的思想传统。内容上,华兹华斯则将柏拉图的“超验理性”“哲学王”和“回忆说”等概念改造为自身诗学中的“经验理性”“诗人”和“回忆主题”,并由此形成了其富有张力的诗学基础。

In the process of constructing his own poetics,William Wordsworth inherited and surpassed Plato’s thought potentially.Formally,Wordsworth’s poetics has a reasonable inheritance from the traditional dualistic ontology.By realizing the harmonious coexistence of man and nature,he moved from opposition to unity,thus solving the theoretical dilemma of dualistic opposition between ideas and reality that Plato could not solve,and creatively expanding Plato’s old ideological tradition.In terms of content,Wordsworth transformed Plato’s concepts of“transcendental reason”,“king of philosophy”and“theory of recollection”into“experiential reason”,“poet”and“theme of recollection”in his poetics,and thus formed his poetic foundation with tension.