论范仲淹《岳阳楼记》的写作渊源

On the Writing Origin of Fan Zhongyan’s On Yueyang Tower

《岳阳楼记》文体上的渊源与唐宋时期盛行的骈文写作密切相关,而篇中警句也非即兴创作。大体上有三个来源,一、"语录"来源。禅宗语录在宋代已经成为儒家士人模仿的对象,士人把对义理的领会和体悟提炼成语录,用于自箴或箴人,"先天下"句应该先作为"语录"出现,而后融入文章写作中。二、"传奇体"以及律赋来源。唐传奇的特点是众体皆备,而且往往以偶俪之文写景状物。范仲淹精于有声律、对偶要求的律赋写作。这些因素最终进入《楼记》的写作活动。三、篇章体制的唐文来源。唐人吕温《虢州三堂记》,无论内容、形式,还是表达主旨,与《楼记》皆有相似性,应是作者的有意模仿。

The stylistic origin of On Yueyang Tower is closely related to the parallel prose writing prevailing in Tang and Song Dynasties,and the epigraph in the article is not improvisation.Generally speaking,there are three sources:one is the source of quotations.In Song Dynasty,Zen quotations have been imitated by Confucians.Scholars refine their understanding of the principles of righteousness into quotations,which can be used for self-monitoring.The second is"legendary style"and the source of prose.The characteristic of Tang legends is that all kinds of styles are available,and the scenery is often depicted.Fan Zhongyan is good at the writing of rhyme and prose agreeing with the requirements of voice and antithesis.The third is the source of the Tang text system.There are similarities in its content,form,and expression of the theme between the book of Three Notes in Guo Zhou by Lyu Wen in Tang Dynasty and On Yueyang Tower,which should be imitated by the author intentionally.