安史乱后陇右旧将的仕宦走向与身份认同——以新见《司马志诚墓志》为核心

The Official Trend and Identity of the Old Generals in Longyou Area after An-Shi Rebellion:Taking the Epitaph of Sima Zhicheng as the Core

安史之乱是唐代政治史上的标志性事件。黄永年先生认为,在开元、天宝之际,唐代北方边境存在着势均力敌的东北军团和西北军团[1]。安史之乱由东北军团(含卢龙、幽州、范阳)代表安禄山率先发难,战乱爆发后,玄宗力图以西北军团平息之。然在潼关失守后,哥舒翰所率之西北精锐尽陷于此。自至德二载(757)七月肃宗即位灵武始,朔方军遂成为平叛主力。对于曾纵横西北的陇右军而言,唯有麾下八军之一的神策军[2]得以幸存并绵延至晚唐.

According to the newly unearthed epitaph of Sima Zhicheng,it can be examined that the tomb owner Sima Zhicheng battled in Longyou in Tianbao reign and was the core general of Goshu Han.When the An-Shi Rebellion occurred,he rushed to the official palace of Emperor Suzong in Fengxiang and served in the Guanzhong and Henan battlefields with outstanding achievements.He also entered the guard ban,served as Yingwujun Mabushi(英武军马步使)in the armed forces,since then,he followed Zang Xirang to Shannan West Dao to serve as Duzhi Bingmashi(都知兵马使),and finally entered Li Baoyu’s Fengxiang Governor office,serving as Longyou deputy Jiedushi(节度副使).His experience was actually the micro manifestation of the individual fate of the remaining Longyou soldiers after the main force of the Longyou Dao was broken up after the An-Shi Rebellion,and his official career was assisted by Zang Xirang and Li Baoyu who shared the experience of Longyou and counterinsurgency,showing the value of identity and emotional identification.Sima Zhicheng’s experience after the An-shi Rebellion shows the different fate of Longyou exile soldiers in the“post-Longyou era”and the drastic changes of individual destiny development trace in the era.