摘要
引言2019年日本天皇退位并随之改元,从而引发了日本国民对于皇位继承方式及年号的极大关心。笔者也承蒙加藤阳子女士约稿,发表了《中国皇帝的让位与元号[1]》一文[2],收录于加藤女士编著的《天皇是如何继承的——天皇的身体与皇位继承》一书中。不仅是在古代中国,大凡世界上的君主国在先王(君主)死后都会立新王,而像日本“院政时期”[3]那样,以先皇让位的形式为惯例的反而是例外。
In ancient China,it was common for the successor emperor to ascend to the throne after the death of the late emperor.Therefore,the question of whether the new emperor’s title should be used at the time of abdication or the following year is of significant political significance.In the Tang Dynasty,among the twenty emperors other than Empress Wu,Emperor Taizong,Emperor Xuanzong,Emperor Suzong,and Emperor Xianzong were all enthroned by the previous emperors.The reign name of Zhenguan was officially established in January of the following year.As Shunzong had previously adopted the reign name of Emperor Dezong,he gave place to Xianzong during the year of his abdication and established his own reign name of Yongzhen upon abdication.Generally speaking,emperors who abdicated within the year of accession are not considered legitimate emperors.Emperor Xianzong changed the year name to Yuanhe on the second day of the first month of the following year,and thus the second year of Yongzhen of Emperor Shunzong lasted for one day,confirming the existence of Emperor Shunzong as a legitimate emperor.On the day of Emperor Suzong’s accession to the throne,he issued the reign title of Zhide.Emperor Xuanzong ascended the throne after the abdication of Emperor Ruizong.The reign of Kaiyuan was established in December of the following year although Xuanzong issued the reign title of Xiantian after his accession.
作者
王坤(译)
Shuichi Kaneko;Wang Kun
基金
陕西省社科基金项目“日本‘六国史’所见东亚关系史料整理与研究”(项目编号:2019H001)阶段性成果
