个人信息法律保护的权利基础与实践逻辑

Legal Protection of Personal Information: Right Base and Practice Logic

个人信息权是维护个人信息安全的重要保障。在立法格局上,我国个人信息法律保护呈现总体分散的形态,具有法律概念有失严谨、领域分布存在差异、广设保密性使用义务、通用责任条款较为普遍的特征。在世界范围内,采取统一立法、强化信息主体权利、明晰信息使用权责已渐次成为个人信息法律保护的发展趋势。我国个人信息保护立法应尊重隐私权与个人信息自决权的基础性地位,遵循比例原则、程序正当、责任追究的基本原则,建构融被遗忘权、可携带权、数据访问权和更正权等新兴权利于一体的个人信息权利谱系,以增进个人信息公共性为基点,延伸信用权的评价实践,通过建立政府主导和社会专业机构协同参与的信息控制模式,实现个人信息的有效控制与合法保护。

The personal information right is an important guarantee to protect personal information.In terms of the legislative pattern,the legal protection of personal information in china is generally decentralized,which is characterized by lacking strict legal concept,the difference in field distribution,the wide establishment of confidentiality obligation,and the general liability clause.It has become the development trend of personal information legal protection to adopt unified legislation,strengthen the rights of information subjects,and clarify information responsibilities.The privacy and personal information right self-determination should be protected fundamentally in the legislation.In accordance with the principle of proportion,due process and accountability,a genealogy of personal information right including the right to be forgotten,to carry,to access data,to correct,and to credit is constructed.Based on improving the publicity of personal information and extending the evaluation practice of credit right,the effective control and legal protection of personal information could be realized by establishing the information control mode dominated by government and participated by social professional institutions.