巴以百年冲突的多视角解读——兼评《敌人与邻居:阿拉伯人和犹太人在巴勒斯坦和以色列,1917—2017》

A Multi-perspective Interpretation of the Century-old Palestinian-Israeli Conflict and A Review on Enemies and Neighbors:Arabs and Jews in Palestine and Israeli,1917—2017

冲突是巴勒斯坦人与犹太人百年交往史的主线与基本特征。巴以自身因素与国际因素是国内外学界解读巴以冲突的传统视角。历史与宗教是解读巴以冲突的两个基本维度,民族叙事是新视角。无论是对一百余年来的巴以交往史,还是对两族冲突本身,巴以的民族叙事几乎都是迥异,甚至对立的。除此之外,也有从普通民众视角来解读巴以冲突,即着重考察普通阿拉伯人和犹太人在实际生活中的不同体会与感受。迥异的民族叙事是巴以冲突的表象,其根本原因在于巴以两种民族主义的对立。迥异的民族叙事这一视角过于偏颇,也不完全符合巴勒斯坦人与犹太人交往的历史事实与现实。从长远来看,两国方案仍为巴以冲突最可能的解决方案。

Conflict is the theme and fundamental feature of the century-old communication history between the Palestinians and the Israelis.Traditionally,the academics both at home and abroad interpreted the conflict from the perspective of the Palestinian’s and the Israeli’s own factors as well as the international factors.History and religion are two basic dimensions to analyze the conflict,while the national narrative offers a new perspective.On either the century-old Palestinian-Israeli communication history or the Palestinian-Israeli conflict itself,the national narratives of the Palestinians and the Israelis are almost completely different from each other,or even conflicting each other.Moreover,the conflict is also analyzed from the point of view of the ordinary people,mainly focusing on different experiences and feelings of the ordinary Arabs and Jews in their real life.In conclusion,wide differences in national narrative are only an exterior manifestation of the conflict,while the fundamental cause of the conflict lies in the rivalry between their different nationalisms.Therefore,national narrative is a perspective too biased,and is not consistent with the history and reality of the Palestinian-Jewish communication.In the long run,the two-state resolution is most likely to resolve the Palestinian-Israeli conflict.