马来西亚广西籍华裔文化特征探讨——基于对马来西亚雪隆暨吉隆坡广西会馆狮舞及其依托仪式的考察

A Discussion of the Cultural Characteristics of Chinese Immigrants from Guangxi in Malaysia: Based on an Observation of Lion Dance from Guangxi and its Related Rituals

狮舞作为华族族群身份的象征,在马来西亚政治历史变化中历经波折,从最初的"外国"文化发展至现今的民族文化,记载了几代华人为狮舞官方地位的诉求和华人族群身份认同的斗争。同时,这些政治历史变革也影响着马来西亚雪隆暨吉隆坡广西会馆醒狮团的发展。文章基于对雪隆暨吉隆坡广西会馆醒狮团展演的田野调查,从人类学角度探讨政治、宗教、经济影响下的广西籍华人狮舞及其依托的仪式所表现出的族群文化维护与本土文化适应平衡并存的文化特征及其衍生的认同关系。

As an identity symbol of the Chinese ethnic group,lion dance experienced a growth from an original"foreign"culture to the current ethnic culture in the political changes of the Malaysian history,displaying the appeal made by several generations of Chinese immigrants in Malaysia for official status of lion dance and their struggle for Chinese group identity.Meanwhile,the political and historical changes have influenced the development of the Lion Dance Troupe of Selangor KL Guangxi Association.Based on a field-study of the performance by this Lion Dance Troupe,this paper discussed,from an anthropological point of view,the political,religious and economic impacts on the Chinese ethnic group in Malaysia;the efforts made by the Lion Dance Troupe to maintain Chinese group culture;the rituals they have performed to manifest such a culture;their adaptation to and co-existence with the local culture;and their cultural characteristics and identity thus produced.