超级计算机发展现状及趋势分析

Analysis of Development Status and Trend of Supercomputer

超级计算机是一个国家科技发展水平和综合国力的重要标志。TOP500组织以浮点运算性能实际测试值HPL为排序依据,每年2次发布全球超级计算机TOP500榜单,该榜单一直被美国所占据,但近些年来中国的"天河二号"和"神威·太湖之光"也多次位居TOP500榜首。这是因为中国的超级计算机突破了一系列关键核心技术,如"天河二号"自主设计实现了创新性的异构多态体系结构、先进的微异构计算阵列、光电混合的自主定制高速互连网络和层次式加速存储架构等。超级计算机在地球环境和宇宙环境模拟、平安城市建设、生物医学模拟分析、中微子探测等高科技和尖端技术领域都有应用,未来也在朝着更高性能、更快互联、更高可靠性、更高效的编程环境以及更高能效的方向发展。

Supercomputers are an important symbol of a country’s technology development level and overall national strength.Based on the actual test value of floating-point computing performance HPL,the TOP500 organization publishes the global supercomputers TOP500 list twice a year.This list has always been occupied by supercomputers in the United States,but in recent years,China’s"Tianhe No.2"And"Shenwei·Light of Taihu Lake"also topped the TOP500 list many times.This is because China’s supercomputers have broken through a series of key core technologies.For example,the"Tianhe-2"independently designed and realized a new Multipurpose-Heterogeneous Architecture,a new Neo-Heterogeneous Compute Array,an optic-electronic hybrid proprietary high-speed interconnection network,a new hierarchically accelerated storage architecture,etc.Supercomputers are widely used in high-tech and cutting-edge technology fields such as earth and cosmic environment simulation,safe city construction,biomedical simulation analysis,neutrino detection.The future supercomputers are moving toward the direction of higher performance,faster interconnection,higher reliability,more efficient programming environment and higher energy efficiency.