新中国成立以来教师流动的历史回顾与现实思考

Historical Review and Realistic Thinking of Teacher Mobility since the Founding of New China

教师流动是社会流动与人才流动在教育场域中的具体呈现,合理的教师流动是教育发展的充要前提。不同历史阶段,教师队伍呈现出不同的流动特征。计划经济时代,主要以行政性的教师吸收和调配为主;社会主义市场经济形成之后,教师队伍的整顿和流失成为新的历史现象;进入新世纪,实现区域内教师的交流和共享成为教师队伍结构优化的核心任务。历史地看,教师队伍的稳定是一种动态平衡,有序的教师流动是必要而合理的,厘清流动的原因和依据是当下回顾与讨论教师流动问题的题中应有之义。

Teacher mobility is the concrete manifestation of social mobility and talent mobility in the field of education,and reasonable teacher mobility is the premise of education development.in different historical stages,the teachers present different characteristics of teachers’mobility.In the era of planned economy,teachers are based on the administrative absorption and deployment of teachers;After the formation of the socialist market economy,the rectification and loss of the teacher team has become a new historical phenomenon.In the new century,realizing the exchange and sharing of teachers in the region has become the core task of optimizing the structure of teachers.Historically,the stability of teachers is a dynam-ic balance,and orderly teacher flow is necessary and reasonable.It is significant for us to fur-ther clarify the causes,basis and scope of teachers’flow.