城乡收入差距、城镇化与中国居民消费

Urban-rural Income Gap, Urbanization and China’s Household Consumption

文章放宽城乡居民具有相同微观消费决策模型的基本假设,讨论城乡收入差距与城镇化对居民总消费的影响,并采用2005—2017年省域面板数据加以验证。结果发现:城乡收入差距与对居民总消费的影响取决于城乡居民消费的收入弹性和当期城乡收入差距程度。考虑内生性问题后发现,城乡收入差距能够降低居民总消费,且城镇居民收入弹性大于农村居民收入弹性。城镇化能够提高居民总消费,且降低农村居民消费占比。城乡收入差距与城镇化的交互效应对居民总消费的制约作用更大。农村居民消费的收入弹性系数大于城镇居民消费的收入弹性系数。

This paper expands the basic assumption that urban and rural residents have the same micro consumption decision model,then discusses the impact of urban-rural income gap and urbanization on total consumption of residents,and finally uses provincial panel data from 2005 to 2017 to verify it.The results show that the impact of urban-rural income gap on total consumption depends on the income elasticity of urban and rural residents’consumption and the degree of urban-rural income gap in the current period.The endogeneity having been considered,it is found that the urban-rural income gap can reduce residents’total consumption,and the income elasticity of urban residents is greater than that of rural residents.Urbanization can increase residents’total consumption and decrease the proportion of rural residents’consumption.The interaction between urban-rural income gap and urbanization has a greater constraint effect on residents’total consumption.The income elasticity coefficient of rural residents’consumption is larger than that of urban residents’consumption.