中国旅游经济效率区域差异及动态演进

Regional Differences and Dynamic Evolution of China’s Tourism Economic Efficiency

文章基于超效率SBM模型对中国2005—2018年的旅游经济效率进行测度,并对其时空特征和区析。研究表明:中国旅游经济综合效率均值为0.854,整体水平不高。2010年后效率呈稳步上升态势,旅游转型升级效果开始显现,但距离有效生产前沿面仍有一定距离;30个省份旅游经济效率存在明显差异,呈现"东部>西部>中部"的分布格局,并且区域差异表现出"先缩小后扩大"的态势;中国旅游经济效率Malmquist指数年均增长9.6%。其中,技术效率相对改进1.1%,技术进步相对提升8.4%,技术进步是中国旅游经济效率提升的主要推动力。

This paper is based on the super-efficiency SBM model to measure China’s tourism economic efficiency from 2005 to 2018,and analyze its spatial-temporal characteristics and regional differences.On this basis,the paper uses Malmquist productivity index to analyze the dynamic evolution and decomposition efficiency of tourism economic efficiency.The study results go as follows:The average comprehensive efficiency of China’s tourist economy is 0.854,with the overall level not high.The efficiency presents a steady upward trend after 2010,and the effect of tourism transformation and upgrading is appearing,but there is still a certain distance from the effective production frontier.There exist obvious differences in tourism economic efficiency among the 30 provinces,showing a distribution pattern of the east>the west>the central,and the regional differences present a trend of"decreasing first and then expanding".The Malmquist index of China’s tourism economic efficiency has an average annual growth rate of 9.6%,among which the relative improvement of technical efficiency is 1.1%,and the relative improvement of technological progress is 8.4%.Technological progress is the main driving force for the improvement of China’s tourism economic efficiency.