敖德萨城市的早期发展与疫病防治研究

Early Development and Disease Control in Odessa

叶卡捷琳娜二世时期,敖德萨在俄国的不断征服中被整合进帝国领土,成为其南部边疆的重要门户。19世纪上半期,敖德萨的城市建设与公共体系快速发展,人口数量急剧增加,作为黑海北部利益与贸易交汇点而日益成为俄国首要的出口中心和连接欧洲市场的主要通道。敖德萨城市规模的快速扩大也一度使得疫病肆虐,沙俄帝国行政者则依托和借鉴欧洲先进检疫制度和预防医学等措施,抑制了疫病的蔓延,而公共卫生的改善为其发展进一步增添了动力。敖德萨的城市发展见证着黑海北岸政治、经济和社会的变迁,而对疫病的防治彰显着城市的活力和帝国在黑海的崛起,体现了统治者的征服战略。

During the reign of Catherine II,Odessa was integrated into the empire during Russia's conquests and became an important gateway to its southern frontier.In the first half of the 19th century,Odessa's urban and public system developed rapidly,the population increased dramatically and as the intersection of interests and trade in the northern Part of the Black Sea,it increasingly became Russia's primary export center and the main link to the European market.The rapid expansion of the city of Odessa also made the epidemic raging,and the administrators of the Russian Empire relied on and borrowed in measures such as advanced European quarantine systems and preventive medicine to curb the spread of diseases,and the improvement of public health further added impetus to its development.The urban development of Odessa has witnessed political,economic and social changes on the northern shore of the Black Sea,while the prevention and control of the epidemic highlighted the vitality of the city and the rise of empires in the Black Sea,reflecting the conquest strategy of the rulers.