一战后初期英国关于南库尔德斯坦地位安排的争论

A Dispute within Britain over the Status of South Kurdistan in the Early Period after World War I

一战结束之初英国迫于缩减财政支出和裁撤军队的压力,有意在南库尔德斯坦扶植一个亲英的库尔德人自治政府,作为美索不达米亚北部的英土战略缓冲带。但后来由于英国与库尔德人关系恶化,1919年苏莱曼尼亚地区爆发了库尔德人反英大起义,英国被迫调整其早先的南库尔德斯坦政策。但在南库尔德斯坦是否应该自治这个问题上,英国各部门之间分歧严重,多方争执持续数年。最终,由于土耳其威胁的上升以及维护伊拉克安全的需要,英国决定放弃自治方案,将南库尔德斯坦并入伊拉克,由此形成了现代伊拉克的版图。

Under the pressure to cut its budget and cut its army,Britain intended to install a pro-British Kurdish autonomous government in Southern Kurdistan as a strategic buffer zone between Britain and Turkey in northern Mesopotamiaat the end of the World War I.However,as relations between Britain and the Kurds deteriorated,a Kurdish uprising against Britain broke out in Sulaymaniyah in 1919,which forced Britain to change its previous policy of Southern Kurdistan.But the question of whether Southern Kurdistan should be autonomous has divided Britain’s ministries for years.Finally,under the pressure of the rising external threat from Türkiye and the need to maintain the security of Iraq,Britain decided to abandon the autonomy plan and integrate Southern Kurdistan into Iraq,this also makes up the map of modern Iraq.