基于无人机模型的危岩运动模拟及风险区划

Simulation of Dangerous Rock Movement and Risk Zoning Based on UAV Model

研究目的:青藏高原东南缘板块交界处的金沙江区域海拔高,地壳活动频繁,岩体较破碎,沿岸地形起伏大,高位危岩发育。传统的地质勘察手段人力难以企及,安全风险极高且效率低下,因此亟需开展非接触式测量、运动模拟及风险区划技术的相关研究与实践,探索出一套适宜高原山区的危岩落石勘察和风险评价分析体系。研究结论:(1)针对高原山区海拔高、低温低氧、地形起伏大、风速大等不利环境因素,选定了非接触式的无人机平台及精细化建模技术,替代了高原山区传统的勘察工作模式;(2)获取了高陡边坡、高位危岩落石区域的真实地形表面特征,可实现高陡边坡高位危岩落石的解译识别、岩体结构几何信息的定量提取、三维滚落运动模拟及特征分析和落石时空风险区划;(3)通过大量的应用实践,这种新型勘察评价体系可极大地提高勘察精度和效率,保障勘察设计施工的安全,研究成果可为高原山区勘察工作提供借鉴和参考。

Research purposes:The Jinsha River area at the southeast edge of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is characterized by high elevation,frequent crustal activity,broken rock mass,large coastal topographic relief and high dangerous rock development.The traditional geological survey means are hard to reach by manpower,with high safety risks and low efficiency.Therefore,it is urgent to carry out relevant research and practice on non-contact measurement,motion simulation and risk zoning technology,and explore a set of dangerous rock and rockfall investigation and risk assessment analysis system suitable for plateau and mountain areas.Research conclusions:(1)In view of the adverse environmental factors such as high altitude,low temperature and low oxygen,undulating terrain,high wind speed and so on,the non-contact UAV platform and fine modeling technology have been selected to replace the traditional survey work mode in the plateau mountain area.(2)The real terrain surface features of high steep slope and high dangerous rock fall area are obtained,which can realize the interpretation and identification of high dangerous rock and rockfall on high steep slope,quantitative extraction of geometric information of rock mass structure,3D rolling motion simulation and feature analysis,and temporal and spatial risk zoning of rockfall.(3)Through a large number of application practices,this new survey and evaluation system can greatly improve the survey accuracy and efficiency,ensure the safety of survey,design and construction,and the research results can provide reference for the survey work in plateau and mountain areas.