结核病患者的营养筛查及个体化营养干预的效果分析

Effect Analysis of Nutritional Screening and Individualized Nutrition Intervention in Tuberculosis Patients

目的:观察营养风险筛查、个体化营养干预对肺结核患者临床疗效的影响。方法:选择2021年3月至2022年3月就诊于巩义市人民医院感染科的64例肺结核患者,运用营养风险筛查评估表(NRS 2002)对患者进行营养风险筛查,并检验个体化营养干预前后淋巴细胞计数(TLC)、血清白蛋白(ALB)、血红蛋白(HGB)、前白蛋白(PA)、体质量指数(BMI)的变化及肌酐水平。结果:营养干预12周的NRS 2002评分≥3分的肺结核患者占比低于入组时,<3分的肺结核患者占比高于入组时,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);营养干预4周后,患者的HGB、PA、BMI水平较入组时均有改善,干预12周后,患者的ALB、HGB、PA、BMI水平较入组时均有改善,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:肺结核患者大多存在营养风险,个体化营养干预可改善肺结核患者的营养状态。

Objective To observe the effects of nutritional risk screening and individualized nutritional intervention on the clinical efficacy of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.Methods A total of 64 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis who were treated in the Department of Infectious Diseases of Gongyi People’s Hospital from March 2021 to March 2022 were selected.Nutritional risk screening assessment form(NRS 2002)was used to screen the nutritional risk of the patients.The changes of total lymphocyte count(TLC),serum albumin(ALB),hemoglobin(HGB),prealbumin(PA),body mass index(BMI)and creatinine level were detected before and after individualized nutritional intervention.Results After 12 weeks of nutritional intervention,the proportion of pulmonary tuberculosis patients with NRS 2002 score≥3 was lower than that at the time of enrollment,and the proportion of pulmonary tuberculosis patients with NRS 2002 score<3 was higher than that at the time of enrollment,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After 4 weeks of nutritional intervention,the levels of HGB,PA and BMI of patients were improved compared with those before the intervention,and after 12 weeks of intervention,the levels of ALB,HGB,PA and BMI of patients were improved compared with those before the intervention,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Most patients with pulmonary tuberculosis have nutritional risk.Individualized nutritional intervention can improve the nutritional status of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.