仲裁庭对国际货物买卖合同及其关联合同项下争议的管辖权限——以锡锭、钢板和设备零部件买卖合同为例

国际货物买卖合同往往涉及国内外的多方当事人,一个合同的买方往往就是另一个合同的卖方。笔者结合三十多年来作为仲裁员参与审理的国际货物买卖合同典型案例,即锡锭、钢板和设备零部件买卖合同案,就仲裁庭对国际货物买卖合同及其关联合同项下争议的管辖权限作了较为系统的研究。笔者认为,仲裁庭的管辖范围原则上仅限于含有仲裁条款的国际货物买卖合同项下的争议事项,而不涉及与该国际货物买卖合同相关联的货物买卖合同。按照国际商事仲裁立法与实践普遍认可的“仲裁庭自裁管辖原则”,仲裁庭有权依据应当适用的仲裁规则或法律对其是否具有管辖权作出决定。法院和仲裁机构根据当事人的诉讼或仲裁请求对同一标的物行使管辖权是相互独立的平行关系。在某些特殊情况下,尽管关联合同中的仲裁条款与主合同不同,或者关联合同中并没有仲裁条款,但是如果申请人根据含有仲裁条款的国际货物买卖合同向合同约定的仲裁机构申请仲裁,仲裁庭也可以根据申请人的仲裁请求对主合同和关联合同项下的争议行使管辖权,但须主合同与关联合同的当事人相同,且合同标的物相同或基本相同。

Sometimes Contract for the international sale of goods involves several related contracts while the parties are from both home country and abroad:the buyer in a domestic contract perhaps is the seller for another international contract.The author has made systematic comparative studies on the arbitral tribunal’s jurisdiction for contracts concerning international sale of goods and their related contracts,and especially analyzed three different contracts for the international sales of the tin ingot slab,steel plate,equipments and their parts,with her own arbitral experience in the last more than three decades.The author held that the arbitral tribunal’s jurisdiction in principle is limited on the dispute under the arbitration clause in a particular contract.The arbitral tribunal is competent to rule its own jurisdiction based on the applied arbitration rules and law due to the universally recognized principle of competence-competence doctrine in international commercial arbitration law and practices.The national court’s and the arbitral tribunal’s jurisdiction on the same subject matter is independent of each other and parallel.In special circumstances the tribunal may decide its jurisdiction over the related contract in which there is no arbitration clause,or the arbitration clause is different from the main contract,provided that the parties and the subject matters of such related contracts are the same or almost the same according to the claimant’s claim and specific facts of the case under those contracts.