国际仲裁当事人指定专家回避的事由、法理基础和限制

对于仲裁实践中申请当事人指定专家回避的问题,现行仲裁规则还没有作出明确规定。如果专家的参与影响了仲裁程序的进行或当事人利益,当事人可能会申请该专家回避。基于现行仲裁立法,仲裁庭在特定情况下可以根据成文法的默示授权或行使仲裁庭维护程序正义和裁决可执行性的固有权力要求专家回避。但是,仲裁庭要求当事人指定专家回避的权力应受到必要限制,即仅限于程序正义或当事人利益受到实质威胁时行使,且该方法只能作为最后救济手段,并不得侵犯当事人的陈情权。

Challenges to party-appointed experts have arisen in arbitration practice,but arbitration rules have yet to provide any guidance on this issue.The parties may challenge the expert if the participation of such expert hinders the arbitration proceedings or undermines the parties’interests.According to the current arbitration legislation,an arbitral tribunal may exclude a party-appointed expert based on the implicit authorization of the parties or its inherent power to protect the integrity of proceedings and render an enforceable award.However,even if the arbitral tribunal is empowered to exclude a party-appointed expert,the power should be restricted.Party-appointed experts can only be excluded if their participation substantially threatens the procedural integrity or the parties’interest.Moreover,this provision shall come as a last resort while not infringing the parties’right to be heard.