股权变动对国际投资仲裁属时管辖权的影响及因应——以“维托·G·加洛诉加拿大政府仲裁案”为例

The Impacts and Responses of Investor’s Equity Transfer to the Jurisdiction Ratione Temporis of Investment Arbitration——The Case of Vito G. Gallo v. the Government of Canada

“维托·G·加洛诉加拿大政府仲裁案”是申请人根据《北美自由贸易协定》向常设仲裁法院(PCA)提起的国际投资仲裁案件。在该案中,申请人加洛先生通过收购加拿大企业的股权份额,将加拿大企业与加拿大政府之间的纠纷以国际投资者身份诉至国际投资仲裁庭,但无法证明其获得所有权或控制权的确切时间。本案在申请人是否滥用权利、恶意挑选法院以及仲裁庭是否具有属时管辖权等问题上的讨论,反映出当前投资者—国家争端解决机制改革背景下投资者在东道国享有一定程度上的超国民待遇的正当性问题。

The case of Vito G. Gallo v. the government of Canada is an international investment arbitration case submitted to the Permanent Court of Arbitration(PCA) under the North American Free Trade Agreement. In this case, the Claimant, Mr. Gallo, sued the dispute between the Canadian enterprise and the Canadian government to the international investment arbitration tribunal as an international investor by purchasing the equity shares of the Canadian enterprise, but he could not prove the exact time when he acquired the ownership and control.The discussion on whether the Claimant abuses his rights, uses forum shopping strategy in bad faith and whether the arbitration tribunal has Jurisdiction Ratione Temporis in the case reflects the legitimacy of investors enjoying a certain degree of supranational treatment in the host country under the background of the current reform of investor-state dispute settlement mechanism.