国际商事仲裁协议效力之司法认定——兼评《仲裁法(修订)(征求意见稿)》第二十一条

Judicial Determination of the Validity of International Commercial Arbitration Agreements——with Comments on Article 21 of the Draft Arbitration Law

对国际商事仲裁协议效力的认定是我国法院对仲裁司法审查的重要内容之一。国际商事仲裁协议效力认定涉及仲裁协议“国际性”认定、准据法确定以及法律适用等多个阶段,随着我国国际商事仲裁事业的发展,现行规则已不能完全满足实践的需求,司法实践也呈现出诸多需要反思与完善的问题。2021年7月30日,司法部发布《中华人民共和国仲裁法(修订)(征求意见稿)》(以下简称《征求意见稿》),其中第二十一条涉及仲裁协议构成要件,鉴于该条款或将成为法院认定国际商事仲裁协议效力的重要依据,本文也将结合国际立法及司法实践对该条款作以评述。

One of the important aspects of the judicial supervision towards arbitration is to determine the validity of international commercial arbitration agreements.It involves several stages,from the determination of the“international”character of an arbitration agreement,to the choice of law and to the application of law.With the development of the Chinese international commercial arbitration industry,current laws cannot fully meet the ends of the practice,and the judicial practice also reveals several issues for reflection and improvement.On 30 July 2021,the Ministry of Justice published a draft of Arbitration Law for public comments.Article 21 of this draft changed a lot when compared with its counterpart in the current Arbitration Law.Due to the fact that Article 21 will be an important legal basis for courts to decide the validity of international commercial arbitration agreements,the author will also make some comments in combination with the latest international legislation and judicial practice.