《新加坡调解公约》中“公共政策”条款的理解与适用

Towards the Understanding and Application of the "Public Policy" Clause in Singapore Convention on Mediation

《新加坡调解公约》的目的在于破除国与国之间和解协议的执行壁垒,建立统一的和解协议跨境执行制度。因此,《新加坡调解公约》第5条第(1)款以穷尽列举的方式规定了缔约国可以拒绝准与救济(refuse to grant relief)的情形,将拒绝予以救济的情形严格限缩在6种以内。但是考虑到各缔约国法律文化的多元性,为减少法律冲突,尽快完成公约的起草工作。工作组并未在《新加坡调解公约》中对第5条第(2)款的解释与适用作出规定,而是将"公共政策"的概念解释权交由每一个公约缔约方。在此背景下,如何解释这一条款,在实现《新加坡调解公约》价值与维护本国法益中找到平衡,是各缔约国加入公约后面临的共性问题。本文试图从国际、国内两个角度进行分析,尝试在本国法律体系的框架下对"公共政策"作出符合公约目的的理解和适用。

The purpose of the Singapore Convention on Mediation is to break down the barriers to the implementation of reconciliation agreements between countries and establish a unified cross-border implementation system of reconciliation agreements.Therefore,Article 5(1)of the Singapore Convention on Mediation stipulates the circumstances under which a state party may refuse to grant relief by exhaustive enumeration,strictly limiting the circumstances under which relief can be refused to be granted within 6 categories.However,considering the diversity of the legal cultures of the States Parties,the drafting of the Convention should be completed as soon as possible in order to reduce legal conflicts.The Working Group did not provide for the interpretation and application of Article 5(2)of the Singapore Convention on Mediation but left the concept of"public policy"to each of the Parties to the Convention.In this context,how to interpret this provision and find a balance between the realization of the value of the Singapore Convention on Mediation and the maintenance of their own legal interests are the common problems faced by the contracting parties after their accession to the Convention.This paper tries to analyze from both international and domestic perspectives and tries to understand and apply"public policy"in accordance with the purpose of the Convention under the framework of the domestic legal system.