共和盆地干热岩钻井提速技术实践与展望

Practice and Prospect of Drilling Speed-up Technology for Hot Dry Rock in Gonghe Basin

干热岩钻井工程主要依赖于油气钻井工程技术,但由于干热岩赋存的深度、地层以及资源特性不同,导致干热岩地热资源开发对钻井技术的需求也与油气资源有诸多不同,干热岩开发对钻井技术、钻头和工具有着更高的要求。共和盆地干热岩钻井施工面临严峻挑战,机械钻速慢、高温条件下工具及钻井液性能稳定性差的问题非常突出,导致钻井时效低,钻井周期长。为此,在前期的干热岩钻井施工中进行了有针对性的钻井提速技术实践和探索,包括抗高温牙轮钻头优选、孕镶金刚石钻头+抗高温螺杆复合钻进技术、气体钻井技术等的应用,取得了宝贵的干热岩钻井技术应用经验。油气钻井技术应用于干热岩开发具有较强的可移植性,但仍存在很多技术瓶颈,需要深入开展钻头选型及个性化钻头设计研究和高效破岩工具的优选及应用,开展气体钻井工艺优化及空气锤性能改进。

Hot dry rock drilling engineering mainly relies on oil and gas drilling engineering technology.However,due to the difference in depth,strata and resource characteristics of the hot dry rock,the development of hot dry rock geothermal resources requires many different drilling technologies from oil and gas re-sources.The hot dry rock development has higher requirements for drilling technology,drill bits and tools.The construction of hot dry rock drilling in the Gonghe Basin faces severe challenges.The problems of slow rate of penetration and unstability tools and drilling fluids under high temperature conditions are very prominent,which result in low drilling efficiency and long drilling cycles.So,corresponding drilling speed-up technologies are applied and developed in the early stage of hotdry rock drilling,including the optimization of high temperature resistant roller bit,impregnated diamond bit+high temperature resistant screw composite drilling technology,gas drilling technology,etc.Valuable experience in the application of the hot dry rock drilling technology has gained.The oil and gas drilling technology may be appliedto the hot dry rock development,but there are still many technical bottlenecks.Bit selection and personalized bit design,optimization and application of efficient rock breaking tools should be done thoroughly,and gas drilling technology should be optimized,and air hammer performance should be improved.