漂浮式海上风电在我国的发展前景分析

Analysis on Development Prospect of Floating Offshore Wind Power in China

随着近浅海资源开发逐渐趋于饱和,海上风电的发展势必走向深远海领域。漂浮式基础是深远海风电的重要组成部分。我国深远海风能资源丰富,开发潜力大,适宜通过漂浮式技术带动深远海风电产业的发展。同时我国海床结构多样化,漂浮式基础能使机组摆脱不同海床条件的束缚,减少海上作业。而且深远海风电开发不占据岸线和航道资源,能减少或避免对沿海工业生产和居民生活的不利影响,有望带动新的经济增长点与其他行业发展。基于发展深远海漂浮式风电的必要性与可行性,我国应提前谋划,推动行业全面发展。一是通过政策支持营造良好的外部环境,促进降本增效,实现产业链的良性循环。二是要加强漂浮式关键技术和配套技术的自主研发,培育专业化人才队伍,搭建综合型海上风电产业基地。三是要学习借鉴欧洲的经验,通过"走出去"、"请进来"两种途径参与国际合作,制定适用于我国漂浮式海上风电的技术方案,形成具有自主知识产权的核心技术,提升国际竞争力。

With the gradual exploitation of resources in shallow sea,the development of offshore wind power will advance into deep sea.Floating foundation is of vital importance to deep sea wind power.China has rich wind resources in deep sea,and there is a great potential of development.It is suitable to use floating technology to drive the development of deep sea offshore wind power industry.At the same time,China has diversified seabed structure,and the floating foundation can liberate the turbines from different seabed conditions and reduce offshore operation.The development of deep sea wind power does not occupy coastline and chan-nel resources,so the adverse impact on coastal industrial production and residents ′ lives can be reduced or avoided.It is expected to drive the new economic growth points and the development of other industries.China should plan in advance to promote the overall development of the industry based on the necessity and feasibility of developing deep sea floating offshore wind power.Firstly,a favorable environment should be created through policy support to promote cost reduction and efficiency improvement and realize the virtuous circle of industrial chains.Secondly,it is necessary to strengthen the independent research and development of key floating technologies and supporting technologies,cultivate professional talents and build a comprehensive offshore wind power industry base.Thirdly,China should learn from European experiences,participate in international cooperation through ‘going global’ and ‘bringing in’ and formulate technical schemes for floating offshore wind power in China to form core technologies with independent intellectual property rights and enhance interna-tional competitiveness.