认罪认罚从宽制度适用中的竞合问题研究

Research on Concurrence in the Application of Leniency System

认罪认罚从宽制度与自首、坦白、刑事和解等制度存在竞合关系,这一现象有其复杂的形成原因。根据量刑情节是否发生于刑事司法程序中,可以划分为实体性量刑情节和程序性量刑情节,其中,程序性量刑情节所存在的体系不完善、立法经验缺乏以及理论界和实务界认识不足等问题是上述竞合现象发生的现实原因,但对同一程序性量刑事实双重评价问题的忽视才是根本原因。解决竞合问题的关键在于确立禁止双重评价原则,其必要性体现在保障被害人权益、贯彻责任主义的量刑原则、维护刑事法领域的价值统一和促进认罪认罚制度的规范化发展等四个方面。具体的适用途径包括限制减刑和划清界限,前者是基于现行立法条件的妥协措施,后者才是根本解决之道。

The system of leniency of confession and punishment is in concurrence with the system of voluntary surrender,confession and criminal reconciliation,which has its complicated causes.According to whether the circumstances of sentencing happen in criminal judicial procedure,we can divide them into substantive circumstances and procedural circumstances.Among them,imperfect system,lack of legislative experience and insufficient understanding of theoretical and practical circles are the realistic reasons for the above phenomenon.However,the double evaluation of the same procedural sentencing facts is ignored Seeing is the root cause.The key to solve the problem of concurrence lies in the establishment of the principle of prohibiting double evaluation.Its necessity is embodied in four aspects:protecting the rights and interests of victims,implementing the principle of sentencing responsibility,maintaining the unity of value in the field of criminal law,and promoting the standardized development of the system of confession and punishment.The former is a compromise measure based on the current legislative conditions,and the latter is the fundamental solution.