2017—2021年衡阳市新报告HIV/AIDS流行特征分析

Epidemic characteristics of newly reported HIV/AIDS casesin Hengyang City,2017-2021

目的分析2017—2021年衡阳市新报告HIV/AIDS流行特征,为艾滋病防控工作提供参考依据。方法从中国疾病预防控制信息系统中下载2017—2021年衡阳市新报告的HIV/AIDS信息,用SPSS 18.0软件进行统计分析。结果衡阳市2017—2021年新报告HIV/AIDS 3300例,男性占比74.94%,人群年均新报告率0.99/万,五年间新报告率从2017年0.88/万上升到2019年1.10/万,而后下降到2021年的0.95/万。主要传播途径为性传播(96.82%),其中异性性传播为84.82%,同性为12.00%。农民及民工占比较高,构成比从2017年的52.20%上升到2021年的61.55%。阳性样本主要来源于医疗机构(63.88%)、自愿咨询(26.12%);医疗机构发现来源呈逐年增长趋势,构成比从2017年的57.29%上升到2021年的65.98%。晚发现率为39.58%。≥60岁老年人新报告HIV/AIDS数逐年增加,构成比从2017年的30.00%上升到2021年的41.61%,主要在医疗机构就诊时检出,男性占比为77.65%,男性异性性传播主要为非婚异性性行为。结论2017—2021年衡阳市艾滋病疫情总体处于低流行状态,以异性性传播为主,农民及民工居多,≥60岁老年男性人群增长较快,应根据其流行特点采取针对性的综合防治措施,降低传播风险,遏制艾滋病流行。

Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of newly reported cases of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS)in Hengyang City from 2017 to 2021 so as to provide references for HIV/AIDS prevention and control.Methods We downloaded the information regarding newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in Hengyang City during 2017-2021 from the China Information System for Diseases Prevention and Control,and SPSS 18.0 software was applied to statistical analysis.Results A total of 3,300 HIV/AIDS cases in Hengyang City in 2017-2021 were newly reported,and the proportion of male patients was 74.94%.The average annual new reporting rate of the population was 0.99/10,000.The new reporting rate changed in the five-year period,rising from 0.88/10,000 in 2017 to 1.10/10,000 in 2019,and then falling to 0.95/10,000 in 2021.The main route of transmission was sexual contact(96.82%),of which heterosexual transmission was 84.82%and homosexual transmission 12.00%.The proportion of farmers and migrant workers was relatively high,which increased from 52.20%in 2017 to 61.55%in 2021.The positive samples mainly came from medical institutions(63.88%)and voluntary counseling(26.12%).The sources detected by medical institutions showed an increasing trend year by year,and the proportion increased from 57.29%in 2017 to 65.98%in 2021.The late detection rate was 39.58%.The number of newly reported HIV/AIDS cases aged 60 years and above increased year by year,and the proportion increased from 30.00%in 2017 to 41.61%in 2021,which was mainly detected by medical institutions.Among them,the proportion of male cases was 77.65%.For most male cases with heterosexual transmission,they were infected through non-marital heterosexual contact.Conclusion The prevalence of HIV/AIDS in Hengyang City in 2017-2021 was generally in a low epidemic state.Most newly reported HIV/AIDS cases were infected through heterosexual transmission.Farmers and migrant workers were in the majority.The proportion of older males aged 60 years and above was growing rapidly.Targeted comprehensive prevention and control measures should be taken according to the epidemic characteristics of HIV/AIDS so as to decline the risk of transmission and contain the spread of HIV/AIDS.